Drug Testing Essay - 2735 Words

Drug testing is a laboratory procedure that looks for evidence of drug consumption by analyzing urine, blood, and hair samples. If tested, you must provide a sample in front of an observer to make sure that it is not tampered with. Samples are then sent to a laboratory for analysis, after which the employer is notified of the results (Wodell 1). Exactly who should be subject to the new trend of mandatory drug tests, is the big question being raised among businesses, schools, athletes and federal government employees. Businesses feel that random drug testing of their employees will create higher productivity, save on health care costs, improve employee turnover, prevent less accidents, and improve job satisfaction. Schools are beginning to†¦show more content†¦On the contrary, many employees are not very happy about having to take drug tests and they are voicing their opinions. A recent study conducted by the LeMoyne College Institute of Industrial Relations suggests that, mandatory drug testing actually hurts workplace work place productivity and may promote the abuse of cocaine, booze and other drugs. The study also implied that these programs reduce employee productivity by as much as 33%, because it makes workers feel that they are not trusted by their employers. Lastly, the study points out that because drug tes ts tend to zoom in on marijuana (which only stays in the system for six weeks) some are turning to cocaine, and psychedelic mushrooms which leave little residue in the body (Workplace 1). Companies putting these testing policies in place must also consider the legal repercussions involved if they are not careful. Many firms have found themselves in violation of our Fourth Amendment protection against unlawful search and seizure, better known as a violation of privacy. Opponents claim that the tests are too costly, ineffective, and prone to abuse. Random testing is a risk in many states, but if the employee is in a position in which drug use could result in the death of an employee or the death of others, random testing is usually OK. Another way employers are evaluating the need for a test is byShow MoreRelatedDrug Testing : A Drug Test1221 Words   |  5 PagesDrug testing in the workplace started happening in 1988 and till this day is still continuing. Not until 1991 did they sta rt drug testing on employees who work on aviation, trucking, railroads, mass transit, and pipelines. Today, mostly everywhere you apply for a job a drug test is mandatory. Which is reasonable because if illegal drugs are involved, drug use can affect workplace concentration and judgment which could put the employee at risk. But should a drug test be required only for those inRead MoreDrug Testing1837 Words   |  8 PagesMandatory Drug Testing for Welfare Recipients Introduction Mandatory drug testing for welfare recipients is a controversial issue. Should the government hold people accepting government entitlement’s accountable for illegal drug use or would this type of action cross the boundary of civil liberties into an invasion of privacy? The government has a vested interest in getting welfare recipients back into the working population. Holding welfare recipients accountable for illicit drug use only ensuresRead MoreDrug Testing In Schools. The Topic Of Random Drug Testing1490 Words   |  6 PagesDrug Testing in Schools The topic of random drug testing has been a very controversial one, especially in the last few years. RSDT (random student drug testing) made a rise in popularity after being legalized by the United States Supreme Court in 2006. This ruling made testing students who participate in extracurriculars or drive to school able to be tested for illegal drug abuse. This court decision is like many others in the aspect that some strongly agree and others heavily disagree. One sideRead MoreDrug Testing in the Workplace1739 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Testing in the Workplace: A Costly Mistake Abstract The issue of drug testing in the workplace has sparked an ongoing debate among management. There are many who feel that it is essential to prevent risks to the greater public caused by substance abuse while on the job. However, others believe that the costs far outweigh the benefits and that it is an invasion of privacy. Putting all ethical issues aside, evidence presented in this paper supports the latter. The costs of drug testing areRead MoreEssay On Drug Testing956 Words   |  4 Pagesassistance had to be drug tested prior to receiving help, like many who must be tested to keep their job? Many people must go through drug testing to get a job, then after they have it, they may be selected to be randomly tested again to keep their job. There are people down on their luck or going through a rough patch where they need to receive government assistance, nothing but an application needs to be filled out prior to receiving payment from the government. Drug testing for government a ssistanceRead MoreThe Drug Of Drug Testing Welfare Recipients912 Words   |  4 PagesDrug Testing Welfare Recipients To test or not to test has been has been the question at hand for many states that are dealing with whether or not to pass the law that welfare recipients should or should not be drug tested in order to receive assistance from the government. Florida was the first state to mandate the law in 2011 and thereafter twenty four other states in the last year have also passed this law in our own state of Oklahoma being one of them. Although alcohol is legal it is abused farRead MoreDrug Testing in the Workplace1281 Words   |  6 PagesDrug Testing in the Workplace Thesis statement: Administering a drug and alcohol policy can be challenging, but it can also be beneficial to the manufacturing company. I. Administering a drug and alcohol policy can be challenging. A. The company must comply with State and Federal laws when administering the drug and alcohol policy. B. The company must make sure the implementation of the test is done in a uniform manner. C. Some employees may bring law suits against the employerRead MoreDrug Testing And The Workplace1394 Words   |  6 Pagesworkplace. The implementation of drug testing by companies grew in recent years. American workers have seen a dramatic increase in the use of drug testing in the previous years. Drug testing is implemented to assure safe workplaces for American workers. Drug testing can reduce the company’s health care and insurance costs. Even though drug testing has become common in the workplace, there is little research that exists regarding this matter. Overall, drug testing affects the decisions of workersRead MoreDrug Testing Essay1200 Words   |  5 PagesThere is a big question floating in the air around a lot of people today, â€Å"Is drug testing the welfare constitutional or not?† When dealing with this we come to many road blocks. We should know and understand the difference in a drug use problem and a psychiatric disorder. Also understanding the difference in substance abuse and substance dependence. Confusing the two could be an issue. When you decide to drug test the welfare there is much more that needs to go into it than just the test to determineRead MoreNCAA Drug Testing707 Words   |  3 Pagesare being banned. In a study done, athletes were asked if illicit drugs would negatively impact their performance. Majority of them responded â€Å"yes†, their main reasoning being; the effects of illicit drugs were both mental and physically damaging. Illicit drugs come in many forms, but the testing procedures are all the same for any substance. There is almost always a consequence with the use of prohibited substances. Drug testing is appropriate to help ensure the safety of student athletes while

Italian Helper Verbs Potere, Volere, Dovere

The helping or modal verbs, volere (to want), dovere (to have to), and potere (to be able to), appropriately called in Italian verbi servili, or servile verbs, enable the expression of the action of other verbs in the light of our wish, intention, or determination; duty, necessity, or obligation; possibility, ability, or power. I want to dance. Voglio ballare.I must dance. Devo ballare. I can dance! Posso ballare! English Tense Complications In Italian, the intent or purpose of the modal verbs changes implicitly within the one-word verb conjugation—two words max with the auxiliary in compound tenses—like all verbs in Italian. They are variations on the same word: devo, dovevo, dovrà ², dovrei, avrei dovuto; posso, potevo, potrà ², potrei, avrei potuto; voglio, volevo, vorrà ², vorrei, avrei voluto. The English counterpart modal verbs, however, express explicitly in different ways in different tenses. So, you have must, had to, will have to, ought to, should have, and supposed to. You have can, may or am able to, and could. This makes the English modals a bit tricky compared to the simplicity of the Italian (depending on how you look at it), but the meanings and uses are the same: One must simply learn which is which. Below is a simple table of the English renditions of volere, potere, and dovere in the various tenses coupled with the verb capire (to understand), in the first person singular, I. Volere Potere Dovere IndicativoPresente I want to understand. I can/am able to understand. I must/have to understand. IndicativoImperfetto I wanted to understand. I could understand/could have understood. I had to understand/was supposed to understand. IndicativoPassato Pross I wanted to understand/insisted on understanding. I was able to understand. I had to understand/needed to understand/have had to understand. IndicativoPassato Rem I wanted to understand/insisted on understanding. I was able to understand. I had to understand/was forced to understand. IndicativoTrpas Pros I had wanted to understand. I had been able to understand. I had had to understand. IndicativoTrpas Rem I had wanted to understand. I had been able to understand. I had had to understand. IndicativoFuturo Sem I will want to understand. I will be able to understand. I will have to understand. IndicativoFuturo Ant I will have wanted to understand. I will have been able to understand. I will have had to understand. Congiuntivo Presente I want to understand. I am able/can understand. I must/have to understand. Congiuntivo Passato I wanted to understand. I was able to understand. I had to/have had to understand. Congiuntivo Imperfetto I wanted to understand. I could/would be able to understand. I had to understand. Congiuntivo Trapassato I had wanted to understand. I had been able to understand. I had had to understand. Condizionale Presente I want/would want/would like to understand. I could/would be able to understand. I should/should have to/ought to understand. Condizionale Passato I would have wanted to understand. I would have been able to understand/could have understood. I should have/ought to have understood. Tense Subtleties It merits perusing each of the modals volere, dovere, and potere singularly to understand each verb better in its uses. But they share many common traits. In the passato prossimo, for example, volere means you wanted to do something—carried out your will to do it—and, indeed, you did it (in fact, the English wanted is a bit soft for the sense of the passato prossimo ho voluto). Same with dovere and potere: you had to or were able to do something and you did it. Ho voluto mangiare la pizza. I wanted to eat a pizza (and I did).Ho dovuto visitare la nonna. I had to/was obliged to visit grandma (and I did).Ho potuto parlare con Giorgio. I was able to talk with Giorgio (and I did). In the negative, if you say, Non mi ha voluto vedere (he/she didnt want to see me), it means that he or she did not see you. If you say, Non ho dovuto dare lesame (I didnt have to take the exam), it means you didnt have to (and, in Italian, we can assume you didnt, though in the English it is not equally clear-cut). With potere, if you say, Non sono potuto andare, it means you were not able to go and you did not. The imperfetto, on the other hand, is the tense used with modal verbs for an action of imperfect arc (which wanting or being able to usually are) whose outcome, without some clarification, is not certain. In fact, sometimes one can imply that the outcome was not as expected. Volevano venire. They wanted to come (and its unclear if they did).Potevano venire. They could/were able to/could have come (and its implied that they didnt). More information can be given to clarify the meaning, still with the imperfetto, but sometimes a tense change is needed: Potevano venire ma non sono venuti. They could come but they didnt.Sarebbero potuti venire ma non sono venuti. They could have come but they didnt. With dovere, the imperfetto can be expressed with the English was supposed to, depending on the outcome. Lo dovevo vedere ieri. I was supposed to see him yesterday (and its assumed that I did not). With dovere in the negative, if you say, Non dovevo vederlo ieri, it means that you were not expected to see him yesterday, but you might have. We would know more from the context. Again, in English, you would differentiate with supposed to. If you say, Non dovevo dare lesame (I didnt have to take the exam, same translation in English as the passato prossimo), it means you were not obliged to or supposed to or expected to take the exam (but you might have taken it anyway). Transitive or Intransitive Because modal verbs serve other verbs, in Italian, in their compound tenses, they take on the auxiliary demanded by the verb they are helping. For example, if a modal verb is helping a transitive verb such as leggere (to read), the modal verb takes avere in the compound tenses: A scuola ieri Lina non ha voluto leggere. Yesterday at school Lina did not want to read (and did not).Ieri ho dovuto leggere un libro intero per il mio esame. Yesterday I had to read a whole book for my exam.Ieri non ho potuto leggere il giornale perchà © non ho avuto tempo. Yesterday I was not able to read the paper because I didnt have time. If the modal verb is helping an intransitive verb that takes essere or a verb of movement that takes essere, for example, it takes essere (remember the agreement of the past participle with verbs with essere). Lucia non à ¨ voluta partire ieri. Lucia did not want to leave yesterday (and she didnt).Franco à ¨ dovuto partire ieri. Franco had to leave yesterday.Io non sono potuta partire perchà © ho perso il treno. I was not able to leave because I missed my train. And, with an intransitive verb that takes avere: Marco ha voluto cenare presto. Marco wanted to have dinner early (and he did).Avremmo dovuto cenare prima. We should have had dinner earlier.Non abbiamo potuto cenare prima. We were not able to have dinner earlier. Remember your ground rules for  determining the right auxiliary for your main verb; sometimes it is a case-by-case choice, depending on the use of the verb at that moment. Ho dovuto vestire i bambini.  I had to dress the children (transitive,  avere).Mi sono dovuta vestire.  I had to get dressed (reflexive,  essere). Or, for example, with the verb crescere (to grow or grow up), which can be intransitive or intransitive: Avresti voluto crescere i tuoi figli in campagna. You would have liked to have raised your children in the country (transitive, avere).Saresti dovuta crescere in campagna. You should have grown up in the country (intransitive, essere). The Odd Auxiliary There are two exceptions or exemptions from the above rule about auxiliary agreement of the modal verb: Followed by Essere If a modal verb is followed by essere—volere essere, potere essere, or dovere essere—in the compound tenses it wants avere as its auxiliary (though esseres auxiliary is essere). Avrei voluto essere pià ¹ gentile. I wished I had been kinder.Non ha potuto essere qui. He was not able to be here.Credo che abbia dovuto essere molto paziente. I think he had to be/was forced to be very patient. Reflexive Pronoun Position Also, when a modal verb accompanies a reflexive or reciprocal verb, you use the auxiliary essere if the reflexive pronoun precedes the verbs, but avere if the pronoun attaches to the infinitive that the modal is supporting. Mi sono dovuta sedere, or, ho dovuto sedermi. I had to sit.Mi sarei voluta riposare, or, avrei voluto riposarmi. I would have liked to rest.Pensava che ci fossimo voluti incontrare qui, or, pensava che avessimo voluto incontrarci qui. She thought that we had wanted to meet here. If this confuses you, just make a rule of putting the pronoun ahead of the verb and keeping your auxiliary essere. Pronouns Which brings us to pronouns—direct object, indirect object, and combined double object—and modal verbs. Modal verbs let pronouns be free to move about pretty loosely: They can come before either verb or attach to the infinitive. Gli ho dovuto dare il libro, or, ho dovuto dargli il libro. I had to give him the book.Non gli ho potuto parlare, or, non ho potuto parlargli. I was not able to speak with him,Glielo ho voluto dare, or, ho voluto darglielo. I had to give it to him,Gli posso dare il gelato? or, posso dargli il gelato? Can I give him the ice cream? With double modal verbs, there is even more freedom, both with single and double pronouns: Lo devo poter fare, or, devo poterlo fare, or, devo poter farlo. I need to/must be able to do it.Non lo voglio dover incontrare, or, non voglio doverlo incontrare, or, non voglio dovere incontrarlo. I dont want to have to meet him.Glielo potrei volere dare, or, potrei volerglielo dare, or potrei volere darglielo. I might want to give it to her. If you want to play with it a little, just start by putting the pronoun at the top of the sentence and moving it down from verb to verb. If your head is spinning... vi potete sedere, or potete sedervi! Buono studio!

Sex education in high school Free Essays

Ada Vargas 9/12/12 ENGL Ill-D40 Argumentative essay Sex education in high schools High schools should provide better sexual education. Prevention is better than cure. The federal government should provide more information in schools and required sex education in the first year of high school. We will write a custom essay sample on Sex education in high school or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is important because there are a lot of sexually transmitted diseases, teenage pregnancy, and teen abortions. Boskey (2011) stated that sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are â€Å"some of the most difficult diseases in the world to catch† (paral). Although there are a lot of resources available o obtain information such as the internet, books and magazines most of the time teens do not take the time to read so there should be required classes in high school to inform them about STDs. Many teens have sex without knowing that millions of teens get STDs because they do not know about prevention and the consequences of these diseases. It is important to educate teens about this serious problem in their first year of high school. According to the Center Detection in San Antonio, Texas people between the ages of 1 5 and 24 are acquiring about the half of the STDs lthough they represent the twenty five percent of the sexually experienced population (2011). The US diagnosed nineteen million cases of syphilis, gonorrhea and chlamydia and cost the government seventeen billion per year to the nation’s health care (Preidt, 2011). It is a fact that STDs are a big issue the nation is dealing with today. This affects a lot of teens and their families, including the countrys economy. Almost all STDs are treatable but there are consequences if they are not detected and treated on time. The question is why waste time and money? You can each teens about the consequences of having sex without protection. It is a fact that teens are not prepared physically, psychologically and economically to have children. Teen mothers cannot afford a better quality of life for their children as established older mothers can. According to the Family First Aid â€Å"the US has the highest rates of teen pregnancy and births in the western industrialized world. Teen pregnancy costs the United States at least seven billion annually’ (2002). Swierzewski (2012) points out about the pregnancy rates in the US: Teen pregnancy rates in the United States ell forty percent from 1992 to 2008-to their lowest level since 1976. The decline in the teen pregnancy rates was consistent during this time period, except for an increase in 2005 and 2006. In teenage girls aged fifteen to seventeen, the pregnancy rate has declined by almost fifty percent since 1990 and the rate in older teens decreased by about thirty percent. para 2) Teen pregnancy is a major concern because we all have teenage friends with babies or young relatives that became pregnant at an early age. The bad news for our community is that New Mexico is the tate with the most teen pregnant moms, ninety three per one thousand, followed by Nevada, Arizona, Texas and Mississippi. (Kost, K. and Henshaw, S and Carlin, L 2010). We need to prevent teen pregnancy because is affecting a lot of p eople in a lot of ways such as economically, socially and morally. The solution is to provide information and advert the youths about the risk and consequences of having sex without protection. Another concern about teenage pregnancies is that many results in to teen abortions. It is not easy to have a baby for a teenager. Lowen (2012) found that there was a decrease of abortion from forty six percent to thirty one percent from 1986 to 2008. Teens that have babies normally do not finish high school. How are they are going to take care and support their children? Abortions have a lot of consequences that teens sometimes do not consider such as depression and infertility. Although the best way to avoid all these problems is abstention the reality is that teens are having sex. It is better to educate and inform teens about the risks they take when they have sex without protection. Prevention is better than treatment and cure. The US is the country with the most teen pregnancies, and teen abortions, and teens with STDs. In conclusion, we should have better sexual education in high schools. References Boskey, E. Ph. D. (2011, November 12). STD 101 – Top Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) You Should Know About. About. com Guide. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominal_Pipe_Size https://prochoice.org/education-and-advocacy/about-abortion/abortion-facts/ https://www.thoughtco.com/g00/why-teens-choose-abortion-3534251?i10c.referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.ua%2F https://www.usatoday.com/topic/D2591A44-DFD9-4D0D-AF7A-CC0B3B92CBB0/health-wellness/ https://www.cdc.gov/std/ http://www.healthcommunities.com/teen-pregnancy/children/overview-of-teen-pregnancy.shtml    How to cite Sex education in high school, Papers